Nk’uko raporo zuzuye zibigaragaza, kugeza ubu, indwara ya monkeypox imaze gukwirakwira mu bihugu 15 byo hanze ya Afurika, bituma abantu baba maso kandi bahangayitse.Virusi ya monkeypox irashobora guhinduka?Ese hazabaho icyorezo kinini?Urukingo rw'ibicurane ruracyafite akamaro mu kurwanya indwara ya monkeypox?
1. Monkeypox ni iki?
Monkeypox n'indwara ya virusi ya virusi yavumbuwe mu nguge z’inyamaswa zo muri laboratoire mu 1958, cyane cyane mu bihugu by’amashyamba y’imvura yo muri Afurika yo hagati n’iburengerazuba.
Hariho ibice bibiri bya virusi ya monkeypox, clade yo muri Afrika yuburengerazuba hamwe n’ikibaya cya Congo (Afurika yo hagati).Ikibazo cya mbere cy’abantu banduye monkeypox cyabonetse muri Kongo (DRC) mu 1970.
IFOTO: Ishusho ya microscope ya electron yo mu 2003 yavuye mu kigo cyo muri Amerika gishinzwe kurwanya no gukumira indwara (CDC) yerekana virusi ya monkeypox.
2. Nigute monkeypox yandura?
Monkeypox irashobora gukwirakwiraibikorwa byimibonano mpuzabitsina, amazi yumubiri, guhuza uruhu, ibitonyanga byubuhumekero, cyangwaguhura nibintu byanduye virusi nk'ibitanda n'imyambaro.
Monkeypox irashobora kandi kwanduzwa binyuzeguhura ninyamaswa zanduye nk'inguge, imbeba n'ibisimba.
3. Ni ibihe bimenyetso biranga monkeypox?
Monkeypox itanga igisebe gitangira nkigorofa, ikibara gitukura kizamuka kandi cyuzuyemo ibinini.Abantu banduye nabo bahura n'umuriro no kubabara umubiri.
Ibimenyetso mubisanzwe bigaragara nyuma yiminsi 6 kugeza 13 nyuma yo kwandura, ariko birashobora gufata ibyumweru bitatu.OMS ivuga ko iyi ndwara ishobora kumara ibyumweru bibiri cyangwa bine, aho usanga indwara zikomeye zikunze kugaragara ku bana.
4. Ni ikihe gipimo cy'impfu za monkeypox?
Nubwo indwara zanduza abantu zanduye virusi ya monkeypox ziri munsi ya virusi isa nayo, virusi ya variola, irashobora kugeza ku rupfu,hamwe nimpfu za 1% -10%.Kugeza ubu, nta buryo bunoze bwo kuvura indwara.
IFOTO: Umuyobozi mukuru wa OMS Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus.Ifoto n'umunyamakuru w'ikigo cy'Ubushinwa Peng Dawei
5. Muri uyu mwaka hari imanza zingahe?
Umuyobozi mukuru wa OMS, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, ku ya 22 yavuze ko inguge yakwirakwiriye mu bihugu 15 byo muri Afurika.Imanza zirenga 80 nizo zemejwe mu Burayi, Amerika, Kanada, Ositaraliya na Isiraheli.
Ikigo cyo muri Amerika gishinzwe kurwanya no gukumira indwara (CDC) cyatangaje ku ya 23 ko kirimo gukora iperereza ku bantu bane bakekwaho kuba barwaye monkeypox, bose bakaba ari abagabo kandi bifitanye isano n'ingendo.Mu Burayi, ikigo cy’ubuzima n’umutekano mu Bwongereza cyasohoye itangazo kuri uwo munsi ko mu Bwongereza habaruwe abantu 36 bashya b’inguge, ikibazo cya mbere cy’inguge cyabonetse muri otcosse, kandi umubare rusange w’abanduye muri iki gihugu wiyongereye ugera kuri 57.
6. Ese hazabaho icyorezo kinini cya monkeypox?
Ikinyamakuru New York Times cyizera ko, mu bihe bisanzwe, monkeypox idatera indwara nini.Icyorezo gikabije muri Amerika cyabaye mu 2003, igihe abantu benshi bafitanye isano no guhura n'imbwa zo mu gasozi zanduye ndetse n’andi matungo.
Imanza nyinshi muri uyu mwaka zabaye ku basore.Heiman, impuguke mu bijyanye n'indwara zandura OMS, yagaragaje ko icyorezo cya monkeypox muri iki gihe mu bihugu bitandukanye ari "ibintu bitunguranye", kandi inzira nyamukuru yo kwanduza iki gihe ishobora kuba ifitanye isano n'imibonano mpuzabitsina itemewe mu birori bibiri byabereye muri Espagne no mu Bubiligi.
7. Ese monkeypox ihinduka?
Reuters yavuze ko Lewis, ukuriye "ubunyamabanga bw’ibihuru" OMS yabivuze ku ya 23nta kimenyetso cyerekana ko virusi ya monkeypox yahindutse, akanerekana ko bishoboka ko virusi ihinduka.
Inzobere mu byorezo bya OMS, Van Kerkhove, yavuze kandi ko ibibazo bikekwa kandi byemejwe mu Burayi no muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru bidakomeye, kandi ko ibintu bimeze ubu bishobora kugenzurwa.
IFOTO: Amashusho ya microscope ya elegitoronike yatanzwe n’ikigo cyo muri Amerika gishinzwe kurwanya no gukumira indwara yerekana virusi ya monkeypox ikuze (ibumoso) na virusi zidakuze (iburyo).
8. Urukingo rw'ibicurane rushobora kwirinda kwandura monkeypox?
Nk’uko BBC ibitangaza, urukingo rw'ibicurane byagaragaye ko rufite akamaro 85% mu gukumira inguge kandi n'ubu iracyakoreshwa.
Rena McIntyre, umuhanga mu ndwara zandura muri kaminuza ya New South Wales muri Ositaraliya, na we yavuze ko ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko kubera ko ihagarikwa ryinshi ry’inkingo y’ibicurane rimaze imyaka 40 kugeza kuri 50, ubushobozi bwo kwirinda ubudahangarwa bw’urukingo rw’ibicurane bwaragabanutse, bikaba bishobora kuba intandaro y’icyorezo cya monkeypox.impamvu yo kwiyongera.Yagiriye inama abayobozi kumenya imikoranire ifitanye isano n’abarwayi ba monkeypox no kubakingira indwara ya monkeypox.
9. Ibihugu byinshi byitabira bite?
Umukozi wa CDC, McQueston, ku ya 23 yavuze ko iki kigo gitanga icyiciro cy’inkingo z’ibicurane, kandi ko kizashyira imbere imikoranire ya hafi n’abarwayi ba monkeypox, abakozi b’ubuvuzi n’amatsinda afite ibyago byinshi bashobora kwandura indwara zikomeye.Ikigo gishinzwe umutekano mu Bwongereza nacyo kirasaba urukingo rw’ibicurane ku matsinda afite ibyago byinshi.
Freitas, umuyobozi w’ubuyobozi bukuru bw’ubuzima muri Porutugali, yasabye ko abantu banduye ndetse n’umuntu wa hafi bagomba kwigunga kandi ntibasangire abandi imyenda n’ibintu.Ububiligi bwategetse akato k’iminsi 21 kubibazo byanduye monkeypox.
Ikigo cya Robert Koch, ikigo gishinzwe kurwanya indwara z’Ubudage, kirimo gukora ubushakashatsi ku byifuzo byo gukumira icyorezo, harimo n’uko bisabwa gutandukanya indwara zemejwe n’umuntu wa hafi, kandi akaba asabwa gukingirwa indwara y’ibicurane.
10. Nigute ushobora gufata ingamba?
OMS irasaba ko indwara iyo ari yo yose mu gihe cyo gutembera cyangwa kugaruka mu turere tw’icyorezo, igomba kumenyeshwa inzobere mu buzima.
OMS kandi ishimangira akamaro ko kumenya isuku y'intoki hamwe n'isabune n'amazi cyangwa isuku ishingiye ku nzoga.
11. Nigute wabimenya?
Monkeypox iterwa ahanini nigitonyanga cyubuhumekero no guhuza ururenda, bityo inzira nziza yo kubimenya ni ikizamini cya acide nucleic ya PCR isa cyane nuCOVID-19.Koresha virusi ya monkeypox nucleic aside detection kit (PCR-fluorescent probe method).
Virusi ya Monkeypox ni virusi itera indwara monkeypox mu bantu no ku nyamaswa.
Virusi ya Monkeypox ni Orthopoxvirus, ubwoko bwumuryango Poxviridae irimo izindi virusi
amoko yibasira inyamaswa z’inyamabere.Virusi iboneka cyane mu turere dushyuha two mu mashyamba yo mu turere dushyuha kandi
Afurika y'Iburengerazuba.Inzira y'ibanze yo kwandura yatekereje guhura ninyamaswa zanduye cyangwa
amazi yabo yumubiri. Genome ntigabanijwe kandi irimo molekile imwe yumurongo
ADN ikubye kabiri, 185000 nucleotide ndende.
Intambwe yo kumenya uburyo bwa PCR-fluorescent probe ku isoko mubisanzwe ni ukubanza gukuramo no kweza ADN ya virusi ya monkeypox, hanyuma ugakora reaction ya PCR.Niba ikoreshwa rya tekinoroji ya Directeur ya PCR ya Foregene, intambwe iruhije yo gukuramo ADN ya monkeypox irashobora kuvaho, kandi ADN iri muri virusi ya monkeypox irashobora kurekurwa byimazeyo nuwashinzwe kurekura icyitegererezo, kandi PCR irashobora gukorwa muburyo butaziguye.Biroroshye kandi byihuse!
Ibicuruzwa bifitanye isano:
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-27-2022
