Kwipimisha muri laboratoire bitangirana no gukusanya icyitegererezo, kandi icyegeranyo nticyoroshye kwirengagiza.Ikintu cyingenzi cyo gukusanya icyitegererezo ni uguhitamo ubwoko bwicyitegererezo gikwiye, gukoresha ibikoresho byikitegererezo, no gukora ubwikorezi no gutunganya neza.

I. Ubwoko bw'icyitegererezo

Ubwoko bw'icyitegererezo busanzwe ni ubu bukurikira:

Uburyo bw'icyitegererezo bushobora kwifashisha ibisobanuro bya tekiniki byo kugenzura ibidukikije bya coronavirus nshya ku isoko ry'ubuhinzi (isoko) ”:

1. Swab ingero ziva mu muhogo, amaboko, imyenda n'ibindi bintu by'abakora imyitozo: birasabwa gukoresha igisubizo cyo kubungabunga virusi mu muyoboro w’icyitegererezo cya virusi kandi ukinjira mu buryo bwuzuye.Ubuso bwubutaka) bushyirwa mubikorwa kandi bukozwa inshuro zirenga 3.Mugihe kimwe, birakenewe gukora ingingo-nyinshi zagabanijwe hejuru yicyitegererezo.

2. Ibyokurya hejuru ya swab ntangarugero: Ibyokurya ntibishobora gukusanywa muburyo butaziguye.Ibiryo bigomba gukusanywa bigomba gutandukanywa neza bikabikwa mu gikapu gisukuye mbere yo gukusanya icyitegererezo.Birasabwa gukoresha igisubizo cyo kubungabunga virusi mu muyoboro w’icyitegererezo cya virusi, nyuma yo gushiramo neza ipamba y’icyitegererezo, kugirango usige inshuro nyinshi kandi woge hejuru y’icyitegererezo cy’ibiribwa ugomba kwegeranywa inshuro zirenga 3.Mugihe kimwe, birakenewe gukora ingingo-nyinshi zagabanijwe icyitegererezo hejuru yicyitegererezo.

3. Ingero z’imyanda: Ukurikije ikwirakwizwa rya sisitemu y’amazi ku isoko, hitamo ahantu 2-3 hatoranijwe imyanda, wibande ku cyegeranyo cy’imiyoboro y’imbere, munsi y’icyerekezo cy’amazi, cyangwa ihuriro ry’umuyoboro wa komine.Kugira ngo ukusanye icyitegererezo cya swab, uyibike mu mwanda hamwe na pamba y'icyitegererezo kugirango ukore imyanda kandi uyikarabe mu cyitegererezo cy'icyitegererezo inshuro zirenga 3.Gukusanya icyitegererezo cy’imyanda, koresha amacupa ya plastike ya polyethylene kugirango ukusanye amazi y’amazi 30-500 mL;mu gukusanya imyanda ifite ubunini burenga 500 mL, indobo ya pulasitike ya polyethylene cyangwa ibikoresho by’amazi bidasanzwe bishobora gukoreshwa.Muri icyo gihe, birakenewe ko hajyaho ingingo nyinshi zagabanijwe zerekana icyitegererezo cy’imyanda.

4. Icyitegererezo cy’inyamaswa: Ku nyamaswa nzima, icyitegererezo gishobora gukoreshwa mugukusanya umubiri hejuru yumubiri, oropharyngeal swabs na anal swabs, kandi imyanda yo gusohora cyangwa gusohora nayo irashobora gukusanywa ikandikwa bikurikije urupapuro rwabigenewe.Kuburugero rwinyamanswa zigeze kuruhu, nibindi, koresha ipamba kugirango ukusanyirize hejuru yumubiri hamwe nicyitegererezo cyumubiri.Birasabwa gukoresha igisubizo cyo kubungabunga virusi mu muyoboro w’icyitegererezo cya virusi kugira ngo winjire neza mu ipamba ry’icyitegererezo, hanyuma usubiremo ikoreshwa ry’ubuso bw’ibiribwa byakusanyirijwe.Shabu inshuro zirenga 3.Mugihe kimwe, birakenewe gukora ingingo-nyinshi zagabanijwe icyitegererezo hejuru yicyitegererezo.

5. Ibindi bikoresho: ibikoresho byo gutwara no korora inyamaswa nk'akazu cyangwa ibigega by'amafi.Ubwa mbere, witegereze cyangwa wumve ubwoko bwihariye bwinyamaswa zabitswe kandi zororerwa muri kontineri, hanyuma ukusanyirize hamwe icyitegererezo cya swab kurukuta rwimbere rwibikoresho cyangwa icyitegererezo cyamazi yibirimo.

6.Kusanya icyitegererezo cya aerosol ahantu abantu bateranira, ahantu hacururizwamo umwuka mubi, ibiro, nibyumba byo kuruhukiramo.

II. Ibikoresho byo gutoranya
1. Umuyoboro wo gukusanya amaraso
Niba ukeneye kwipimisha aside nucleic hamwe na anticoagulant ntangarugero nyuma, birasabwa gukoresha umuyoboro wamaraso wa vacuum urimo EDTA anticoagulant kugirango ukusanye amaraso;kuburugero rwa serumu, birasabwa gukoresha imiyoboro y'amaraso ya vacuum idafite anticoagulant.

2. Gutoranya swab

Birasabwa gukoresha polipropilene swabs aho gukoresha calcium alginate swabs cyangwa swabs hamwe ninkingi zimbaho, kuko zishobora kuba zirimo ibintu bidakora virusi zimwe na zimwe kandi bikabuza kwipimisha PCR.Ibishishwa bifite imitwe yipamba ntibishobora gukoreshwa, kubera ko fibre yipamba ifite adsorption ikomeye ya poroteyine kandi ntabwo byoroshye kuboneka mubisubizo byakurikiyeho.

Muri "Tekinike Yihariye ya 10-muri-1 ivanze no gutahura Acide Nshya ya Coronavirus Nucleic Acide", hateganijwe neza ko "swab y'icyitegererezo igomba kuba ikozwe muri polyester, nylon nibindi bikoresho bitari ipamba na calcium ya alginate, kandi ikiganza kigomba kuba gikozwe mubikoresho bitari ibiti.Ahantu hacika ni nka 3cm uvuye hejuru yumutwe wa swab, byoroshye kumeneka. ”

CDC yo muri Amerika yanavuze ati “Koresha gusa fibre fibre fibre ya plastike cyangwa insinga.Ntukoreshe calcium alginate swabs orswabs hamwe nigiti cyibiti,nkuko zishobora kuba zirimo ibintu bidakora virusi zimwe na zimwe bikabuza kwipimisha PCR.

Kugeza ubu ikoreshwa cyane ni steril nylon ikoreshwa na swab ihujwe ninkoni ya plastiki.Ubworozi bwa swab bufite uburyo bwiza bwo kwinjiza amazi no kurekura.Ukurikije imbuga zitandukanye zerekana, umutwe wa swab nawo ufite ubunini na fibre zitandukanye.Umubyimba.”

3. Icyitegererezo cyo kubungabunga ubwikorezi

Igisubizo cyo kubungabunga virusi idakora: ingano ikwiye yumunyu wa guanidine hamwe nibice bitandukanye bigize virusi ya lysis irashobora kwanduza virusi kugirango irekure aside nucleic, idakora RNase na DNase, kandi ikemeza ubusugire bwa acide nucleique, ishobora gukoreshwa mugushakisha qPCR nyuma.Ntishobora gukoreshwa muguhinga virusi no kwigunga.

Gutwara virusi no kubikemura: birimo umunyu, aside amine, vitamine, glucose na proteyine zikenewe kugirango virusi ibeho, ishobora gukomeza ibikorwa bya virusi.Irashobora gukoreshwa mugukuramo aside nucleic no kumenya virusi mugihe kizaza, kandi irashobora no gukoreshwa muguhinga no gutandukanya virusi.

4. Icyitegererezo cyo kubika hamwe nigikapu cyicyitegererezo

Icyitegererezo cyo kubika icyitegererezo kigomba kuba umuyoboro wa pulasitiki udasanzwe ufite capa ya screw idatanga aside aside nucleic.Buri muyoboro w'icyitegererezo ugomba gutwikirwa umufuka w'icyitegererezo kugirango wirinde kumeneka no kwanduza icyitegererezo.

III.Kubangamira ibintu murugero

Kubangamira ibintu mubushakashatsi bwa PCR

1. endogenous intervention

Ibintu biboneka murugero rwumubiri birashobora kubangamira kumenya ibindi bintu.

Amaraso:heme (> 1mg / ml), hemin (> 0.1ng / μl), triglyceride, IgG, nibindi.;

Inkari:Urea (20mM);

Intebe:gutera polysaccharide, cholate;

Tissue:protease, kolagen;

Amata: protease, ion ion;

Ibiyobyabwenge: antibiotike, imiti igabanya ubukana, imisemburo, nibindi

ikindi.

2. exogenous interferent

Iva mubintu bishobora kubangamira kumenya ibindi bintu muri vitro.Icyitegererezo cyinyongera nibintu bishobora kuvugana mugihe cyo gukusanya no gutunganya:

Ibikoresho byo kwipimisha.

Anticoagulant: heparin (> 0.1 U / mL), EDTA (> 0.5 mM), nibindi.;

Amashanyarazi: isopropanol (> 0.1 IU / ml), betaine, dimethyl sulfoxide, formamide, glycerine, PEG, nibindi.;

Imiti yica udukoko: alcool (Ethanol> 1%), aldehydes, fenol (fenol> 0.2%), peroxide, acide ikomeye (HCL), alkalis ikomeye (NaOH), nibindi.;

Umuyoboro:SDS (> 0.005%);

Ubutaka: Humus

Dyestuff: Indigo

ikindi.

Mugihe cyukuri cyo gutoranya hanze, nko gukusanya icyitegererezo cyibidukikije, ingero zishobora kuba zirimo ibintu bitandukanye bivangavanga, kandi ibigize ibintu bivanga muri buri gace biratandukanye, bisaba ko ubushakashatsi bwivanga bwa PCR bwakorwa hakurikijwe imiterere yaho.

IV.Icyitegererezo cyo kubika no gutwara ibintu

Ibigereranyo byakusanyirijwe hamwe bigomba koherezwa muri laboratoire mu masaha 2 kugeza kuri 4 nyuma yo gukusanya kuri 2 ° C kugeza 8 ° C.Bika kuri 4 ℃ muri 24h.Ingero zikoreshwa mugutandukanya virusi no kumenya aside nucleic zigomba gupimwa vuba bishoboka.Ibigereranyo bishobora kugeragezwa mugihe cyamasaha 24 birashobora kubikwa kuri 4 ° C;ingero zidashobora kumenyekana mu masaha 24 zigomba kubikwa kuri 70 ° C cyangwa munsi yazo (niba atari- Kubika kuri 70 ° C muri firigo kuri -20 ° C).

Incamake:Ikusanyirizo risanzwe, gutwara no kubika ingero ni ngombwa mugupimisha nyuma.Ingaruka mbi z'ibizamini byinshi bya laboratoire ziterwa no gukusanya nabi, gutwara no kubika ingero zitera kwangirika kwa aside nucleic aside.Nyamara, laboratoire nyinshi ziracyirengagiza akamaro ko gutoranya.Nizere ko iyi ngingo ishobora gukangura abantu bose kwitondera no gukora ubushakashatsi bwimbitse kandi bushyize mu gaciro!

Ibicuruzwa bifitanye isano:

SARS-CoV-2 Ibikoresho bitandukanye bya Nucleic Acide Detection (I) (Multiplex PCR Fluorescent Probe Method) -Kubona Mutants Kuva muri Berezile, Afrika yepfo, n'Ubwongereza