Imirasire nigice cyibanze kigenga imiterere.Usibye ingirabuzimafatizo za virusi zimwe na zimwe, zigizwe na RNA, ingirabuzima fatizo zigizwe na ADN.Indwara nyinshi z’ibinyabuzima ziterwa n’imikoranire hagati ya gen n'ibidukikije.Ubuvuzi bwa Gene bushobora gukiza cyangwa kugabanya indwara nyinshi.Ubuvuzi bwa Gene bufatwa nkimpinduramatwara mubuvuzi na farumasi.Imiti ivura Gene mu buryo bwagutse harimo ishingiye ku miti ya ADN yahinduwe na ADN (nko mu miti ivura virusi ya vivo ishingiye kuri virusi, mu miti ivura vitro gene, imiti ya plasmid yambaye ubusa, n'ibindi) n'imiti ya RNA (nk'imiti ya antisense oligonucleotide, imiti ya siRNA, n'ubuvuzi bwa mRNA, n'ibindi);imyumvire mike Imiti ivura Gene ikubiyemo cyane cyane imiti ya ADN ya plasmide, imiti ivura gene ishingiye kuri virusi, imiti ivura gene ishingiye kuri bagiteri, sisitemu yo guhindura gene, hamwe n’imiti ivura selile kugirango ihindure vitro.Nyuma yimyaka myinshi yiterambere, imiti ivura gene yageze kubisubizo byubuvuzi..Ubuvuzi 9 bwa ​​gene bwemejwe bwo kwamamaza muri uyu mwaka, harimo n’ubuvuzi 7 bwemejwe bwo kwamamaza ku nshuro ya mbere muri uyu mwaka, aribwo: CARVYKTI, Amvuttra, Upstaza, Roctavian, Hemgenix, Adstiladrin na Ebvallo, (Icyitonderwa: Ibindi bibiri byemejwe muri Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika muri Kanama uyu mwaka. , kandi yemerewe gucuruzwa n’umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi muri 2019 ;.) Hamwe nogutangiza ibicuruzwa byinshi bivura gene hamwe niterambere ryihuse ryikoranabuhanga rya gene therapy, kuvura gene bigiye gutangira mugihe cyiterambere ryihuse.

Ibyiciro byo kuvura gene (Inkomoko yishusho: Bio-Matrix)

Iyi ngingo irerekana 45 ivura gene (usibye inkingo za ADN ninkingo za mRNA) zemewe kwamamaza.

1. Mu kuvura vitro

(1) Strimvelis

Isosiyete: Yakozwe na GlaxoSmithKline (GSK).

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Byemejwe kwamamaza n’umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’i Burayi muri Gicurasi 2016.

Ibyerekana: Kubuvuzi bukomeye bwo gukingira indwara (SCID).

Icyitonderwa: Inzira rusange yubu buvuzi ni ukubanza kubona ingirangingo z'umurwayi wa hematopoietic stem selile, kwagura no kuzitera umuco muri vitro, hanyuma ukoreshe retrovirus kugirango winjize kopi ya gene ikora ya ADA (adenosine deaminase) muri selile hematopoietic stem selile, hanyuma amaherezo utere ingirabuzimafatizo za Hematopoietic zisubizwa mumubiri.Ibisubizo byubuvuzi byerekana ko imyaka 3 yo kubaho kwabarwayi ba ADA-SCID bavuwe na Strimvelis ari 100%.

(2) Zalmoxis

Isosiyete: Yakozwe n'Ubutaliyani MolMed Company.

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Yabonye uruhushya rwo kwamamaza rwatanzwe n’umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi muri 2016.

Ibyerekana: Ikoreshwa muburyo bwo kuvura sisitemu yubudahangarwa bw’abarwayi nyuma yo kwimurwa kwa hematopoietic stem selile.

Ijambo: Zalmoxis ni allogeneic T selile yiyahura gene immunotherapy yahinduwe na virusi ya virusi.Ubu buryo bukoresha virusi ya virusi kugira ngo ihindure ingirabuzimafatizo za T allogeneic T, kugira ngo ingirabuzimafatizo za T zigizwe na gen zigaragaza 1NGFR na HSV-TK Mut2 genes yo kwiyahura ituma abantu bakoresha imiti ya ganciclovir (ganciclovir) igihe icyo ari cyo cyose kugira ngo bice selile T itera ingaruka mbi z’ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri, kandi birinde ko abarwayi ba GVHD bangirika.

(3) Invossa-K

Isosiyete: Yatejwe imbere na TissueGene (KolonTissueGene).

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Yemejwe kurutonde muri Koreya yepfo muri Nyakanga 2017.

Ibyerekana: Kubuvuzi bwa rubagimpande.

Ijambo: Invossa-K nubuvuzi bwa allogeneic selile gene irimo chondrocytes zabantu.Ingirabuzimafatizo za allogeneic zahinduwe muri vitro, kandi selile zahinduwe zirashobora kwerekana no gusohora ibintu bikura β1 (TGF-β1) nyuma yo gutera inshinge.β1), bityo kunoza ibimenyetso bya osteoarthritis.Ibisubizo byubuvuzi byerekana ko Invossa-K ishobora kunoza cyane ivi.Yavanyweho muri 2019 n’ubuyobozi bwa Koreya bushinzwe ibiryo n’ibiyobyabwenge kubera ko uwabikoze yanditse nabi ibikoresho byakoreshejwe.

(4) Zynteglo

Isosiyete: Yashakishijwe kandi itezwa imbere na biobird bio.

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Byemejwe n’umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’i Burayi byo kwamamaza muri 2019, kandi byemejwe na FDA yo kwamamaza muri Amerika muri Kanama 2022.

Ibyerekana: Kubuvuzi bwo guterwa-guterwa β-thalassemia.

Ijambo: Zynteglo ni lentiviral muri vitro gene ivura itangiza kopi yimikorere ya gene isanzwe β-globine (βA-T87Q-globin gene) mungingo ngengabuzima ya hematopoietic yakuwe mu murwayi ikoresheje virusi ya lentiviral, hanyuma igashyira mungingo ingirabuzimafatizo zahinduwe na autologique hematopoietic stem.Iyo umurwayi amaze kugira gene isanzwe βA-T87Q-globine, irashobora gukora proteine ​​isanzwe ya HbAT87Q, ishobora kugabanya neza cyangwa gukuraho ibikenewe guterwa amaraso.Nubuvuzi bwigihe kimwe bugamije gusimbuza amaraso ubuzima bwawe bwose n'imiti ubuzima bwabo bwose kubarwayi bafite imyaka 12 nayirenga.

(5) Skysona

Isosiyete: Yashakishijwe kandi itezwa imbere na biobird bio.

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Byemejwe n’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’i Burayi byo kwamamaza muri Nyakanga 2021, kandi byemejwe na FDA yo kwamamaza muri Amerika muri Nzeri 2022.

Ibyerekana: Kubuvuzi bwubwonko bwambere adrenoleukodystrofiya (CALD).

Icyitonderwa: Ubuvuzi bwa Skysona nubuvuzi bwonyine bwonyine bwo kuvura gene yemejwe kuvura hakiri kare ubwonko bwubwonko bwa adrenoleukodystrophy (CALD).Skysona (elivaldogene autotemcel, Lenti-D) ni hematopoietic stem selile lentiviral muri vitro gene ivura Lenti-D.Uburyo rusange bwo kuvura nuburyo bukurikira: selile autologique hematopoietic stem selile ikurwa kumurwayi, ikanduzwa kandi ihindurwa na lentivirus itwara gene muntu ABCD1 muri vitro, hanyuma igasubira kumurwayi.Ikoreshwa mu kuvura abarwayi bari munsi yimyaka 18, itwaye gene ya ABCD1, na CALD.

(6) Kymriya

COMPANY: Yakozwe na Novartis.

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Byemejwe na FDA yo kwamamaza muri Kanama 2017.

Ibyerekana: Kuvura prursor B-selile acute lymphoblastique leukemia (BYOSE) hamwe na DLBCL yongeye kwisubiraho.

Ijambo: Kymriah ni lentiviral mumiti ya vitro gene ivura, imiti ya mbere CAR-T yemewe yo kwamamaza ku isi, yibasira CD19, no gukoresha ibintu 4-1BB bifatanyiriza hamwe.Igiciro cyamadorari 475.000 muri Amerika na 313,000 $ mubuyapani.

(7) Yescarta

Isosiyete: Yatejwe imbere na Kite Pharma, ishami rya Galeedi (GILD).

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Byemejwe na FDA yo kwamamaza mu Kwakira 2017;Fosun Kite yerekanye tekinoroji ya Yescarta muri Kite Pharma ayikorera mu Bushinwa nyuma yo kubona uruhushya.Yemejwe kurutonde rwigihugu.

Ibyerekana: Kubuvuzi bwa lymphoma nini ya B-selile.

Ijambo: Yescarta ni virusi itera virusi ya vitro gene, nubuvuzi bwa kabiri bwemewe bwa CAR-T kwisi.Ireba CD19 kandi ikoresha Costimulator ya CD28.Igurwa $ 373.000 muri Amerika.

(8) Tecartus

Isosiyete: Yatejwe imbere na Galeedi (GILD).

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Byemejwe na FDA yo kwamamaza muri Nyakanga 2020.

Ibyerekana: Kubisubiramo cyangwa byanze bikunze mantle selile lymphoma.

Icyitonderwa: Tecartus nubuvuzi bwa CAR-T bwakorewe CD19, kandi nubuvuzi bwa gatatu CAR-T bwemewe bwo kwamamaza ku isi.

(9) Breyanzi

COMPANY: Yakozwe na Bristol-Myers Squibb (BMS).

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Byemejwe na FDA yo kwamamaza muri Gashyantare 2021.

Ibyerekana: Gusubiramo cyangwa kwanga (R / R) lymphoma nini ya B-selile (LBCL).

Ijambo: Breyanzi nubuvuzi bwa vitro gene bushingiye kuri lentivirus, ubuvuzi bwa kane CAR-T bwemewe bwo kwamamaza ku isi, bugamije CD19.Iyemezwa rya Breyanzi ni intambwe ikomeye kuri Bristol-Myers Squibb mu rwego rwo gukingira indwara ya selile, yabonye igihe yagura Celgene kuri miliyari 74 z'amadolari muri 2019.

(10) Abecma

Isosiyete: Yafatanije na Bristol-Myers Squibb (BMS) na biobird bio.

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Byemejwe na FDA yo kwamamaza muri Werurwe 2021.

Ibyerekana: gusubiramo cyangwa kwanga myeloma myinshi.

Ijambo: Abecma nubuvuzi bwa vitro gene bushingiye kuri lentivirus, ubuvuzi bwa mbere bwa CAR-T ku isi bwibasiye BCMA, hamwe nubuvuzi bwa gatanu CAR-T bwemejwe na FDA.Ihame ryibiyobyabwenge nukugaragaza chimeric BCMA yakira kuri selile T yumurwayi ubwayo binyuze muri lentivirus-yunganirwa na gene ihindura muri vitro.Umuti wo gukuraho ingirabuzimafatizo za T zidahinduwe mu barwayi, hanyuma ukongera ukongera gukoresha selile T zahinduwe, zishaka kandi zikica selile zerekana kanseri ya BCMA mu barwayi.

(11) Libmeldy

COMPANY: Yateguwe na Orchard Therapeutics.

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Byemejwe n’umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’i Burayi gushyira ku rutonde mu Kuboza 2020.

Ibyerekana: Kubuvura metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD).

Ijambo: Libmeldy nubuvuzi bwa gene bushingiye kuri autologique CD34 + selile yahinduwe muri vitro na lentivirus.Amakuru y’amavuriro yerekana ko kwinjiza imitsi imwe ya Libmeldy bishobora guhindura neza inzira ya MLD hakiri kare ugereranije n’ubumuga bukabije bw’imodoka n’ubwenge ku barwayi batavuwe bafite imyaka imwe.

(12) Benoda

Isosiyete: Yakozwe na WuXi Giant Nuo.

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Byemejwe na NMPA muri Nzeri 2021.

Ibyerekana: Kuvura abarwayi bakuze bafite lymphoma nini ya B-selile (r / r LBCL) nyuma yumurongo wa kabiri cyangwa hejuru yubuvuzi bwa sisitemu.

Ijambo: Beinoda nubuvuzi bwa anti-CD19 CAR-T, kandi nigicuruzwa cyibanze cya Sosiyete ya WuXi Juro.Nibicuruzwa bya kabiri CAR-T byemewe mu Bushinwa, usibye lymphoide nini ya B-selile yisubiramo / yangiritse WuXi Giant Nuo irateganya kandi gutera inshinge ya Regiorensai yo kuvura ibindi bimenyetso byinshi, birimo lymphoma follicular (FL), mantle selile lymphoma (MCL), lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), lymphocytike ya lymphobique (CLL).

(13) CARVYKTI

Isosiyete: Igicuruzwa cya mbere cya Biotech cyemewe cyo kwamamaza.

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Byemejwe na FDA yo kwamamaza muri Gashyantare 2022.

Ibyerekana: kubuvuzi bwa myeloma yasubiwemo cyangwa yangiritse (R / R MM).

Ijambo: CARVYKTI (ciltacabtagene autoleucel, Cilta-cel mu magambo ahinnye) ni CAR-T selile immun immun gene ivura hamwe na antibodi ebyiri zo mu bwoko bwa antibodiyite yibasira antigen yo gukura kwa B-selile (BCMA).Amakuru yerekana ko CARVYKTI Mu barwayi barwaye myeloma yongeye kwisubiraho cyangwa yangiritse bakiriye imiti ine cyangwa irenga (harimo na proteasome inhibitor, immunomodulator na antibodiyite zirwanya CD38), muri rusange hagaragaye 98%.

(14)Ebvallo

COMPANY: Yakozwe na Atara Biotherapeutics.

Komisiyo y’Uburayi (EC) ishinzwe kwamamaza mu Kuboza 2022, ni yo ya mbere ku isi ivura T selile yemewe ku isoko.

Ibyerekana: Nka mitiweli ya virusi ya Epstein-Barr (EBV) ifitanye isano n'indwara ya lymphoproliferative nyuma yo kwimurwa (EBV + PTLD), abarwayi bahabwa imiti bagomba kuba bakuze ndetse n'abana barengeje imyaka 2 bakiriye nibura ubundi buvuzi bumwe na bumwe.

Ijambo: Ebvallo ni allogeneic EBV yihariye ya T-selile yubuvuzi rusange yibasira kandi ikuraho selile zanduye EBV muburyo bwabujijwe na HLA.Kwemeza ubu buvuzi bishingiye ku bisubizo by'icyiciro cya 3 cy'ubushakashatsi bwakozwe ku mavuriro, kandi ibisubizo byagaragaje ko ORR yo mu itsinda rya HCT n'itsinda SOT yari 50%.Igipimo cyuzuye cyo kohereza (CR) cyari 26.3%, igipimo cyo kohereza igice (PR) cyari 23.7%, naho igihe cyo kohereza (TTR) cyari amezi 1.1.Mu barwayi 19 bageze ku gukira, 11 bafite igihe cyo gusubiza (DOR) cy'amezi arenga 6.Byongeye kandi, mubijyanye numutekano, nta reaction mbi nka graft-na-host-host (GvHD) cyangwa syndrome ya cytokine ijyanye na Ebvallo.

2. Muri vivo gene ivura ishingiye kuri virusi

(1) Gendicine / Jin Sheng

Isosiyete: Yatejwe imbere na Shenzhen Saibainuo.

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Byemejwe gushyirwa ku Bushinwa mu 2003.

Ibyerekana: Kubuvuzi bwumutwe nijosi squamous selile kanseri.

Icyitonderwa: Recombinant muntu p53 adenovirus inshinge Gendicine / Jinyousheng numuti wa adenovirus vector gene therapy hamwe nuburenganzira bwumutungo wubwenge wigenga bufitwe na Shenzhen Saibainuo.Ubwoko bwa 5 adenovirus bugizwe nubwoko bwa adenovirus bwabantu 5. Iyambere niyo miterere nyamukuru yingaruka zo kurwanya ibibyimba byibiyobyabwenge, naho ibyanyuma bikora nkubwikorezi.Indwara ya adenovirus itwara gene yo kuvura p53 mu ngirabuzimafatizo, ikagaragaza gene suppressor gene p53 mu kagari kayigenewe, hamwe n’imvugo yayo Igicuruzwa gishobora kugenzura ingirabuzimafatizo zitandukanye zo kurwanya kanseri no kugabanya ibikorwa bya oncogène zitandukanye, bityo bikazamura ingaruka zo guhagarika ibibyimba mu mubiri no kugera ku ntego yo kwica ibibyimba.

(2) Rigvir

Isosiyete: Yatejwe imbere na Sosiyete Latima, Lativiya.

Igihe cyo gutondeka: Byemejwe kurutonde muri Lativiya muri 2004.

Ibyerekana: Kubuvuzi bwa melanoma.

Ijambo: Rigvir nubuvuzi bwa gene bushingiye kuri genoside ya ECHO-7 enterovirus.Kugeza ubu, ibiyobyabwenge byemewe muri Lativiya, Esitoniya, Polonye, ​​Arumeniya, Biyelorusiya, n'ibindi, kandi birimo kwandikwa na EMA mu bihugu by’Uburayi.Indwara z’amavuriro mu myaka icumi ishize zerekanye ko virusi ya Rigvir oncolytic ifite umutekano kandi ikora neza, kandi ishobora kongera ubuzima bw’abarwayi ba melanoma inshuro 4-6.Byongeye kandi, ubu buvuzi bukoreshwa no ku zindi kanseri zitandukanye, zirimo kanseri yibara, kanseri yandura, kanseri y'uruhago Kanseri, impyiko, kanseri ya prostate, kanseri y'ibihaha, kanseri y'inda, lymphosarcoma, n'ibindi.

(3) Oncorine

Isosiyete: Yatejwe imbere na Biologiya ya Sanwei Sanwei.

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Byemejwe gushyirwa kurutonde mubushinwa muri 2005.

Ibyerekana: kuvura ibibyimba byo mu mutwe no mu ijosi, kanseri y'umwijima, kanseri y'urwagashya, kanseri y'inkondo y'umura n'izindi kanseri.

Ijambo: Oncorine (安科瑞) nigicuruzwa cya virusi ya oncolytike ikoresheje adenovirus nk'itwara.Habonetse adenovirus ya oncolytike, ishobora kwigana cyane cyane muri p53 ibura cyangwa ibibyimba bidasanzwe, biganisha kuri lysis ya selile yibibyimba, bityo bikica selile.utangiza selile zisanzwe.Ubushakashatsi ku mavuriro bwerekanye ko Ankerui ifite umutekano n’ingirakamaro ku bibyimba bitandukanye bibi.

(4) Glybera

Isosiyete: Yatejwe imbere na uniQure.

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Yemejwe kurutonde rwi Burayi muri 2012.

Ibyerekana: Kuvura ibura rya lipoprotein (LPLD) hamwe nibice bikabije cyangwa bigaruka kenshi bya pancreatite nubwo indyo yuzuye ibinure.

Icyitonderwa: Glybera (alipogene tiparvovec) ni imiti ivura gene ishingiye kuri AAV, ikoresha AAV nk'itwara mu kwanduza gene LPL ivura ingirangingo z'imitsi, kugira ngo selile zihuye nazo zishobore kubyara urugero rwa lipoprotein lipase, Kugira ngo indwara igabanuke, iyi miti irashobora kumara igihe kinini (ingaruka z’ibiyobyabwenge zishobora kumara imyaka myinshi) zimaze gutangwa.Uyu muti wavanywe ku isoko mu 2017. Impamvu yo kuwuvaho irashobora kuba ifitanye isano n’ibintu bibiri: ibiciro biri hejuru n’ibisabwa ku isoko.Ikigereranyo cyo kuvura imiti kiri hejuru ya miliyoni imwe y'amadolari y'Amerika, kandi umurwayi umwe ni we waguze kandi aragikoresha kugeza ubu.Nubwo isosiyete yubwishingizi bwubuvuzi yishyuye amadorari 900.000 US $ kuri yo, nayo ni umutwaro munini ugereranije n’isosiyete y’ubwishingizi.Byongeye kandi, ibimenyetso byibasiwe nibi biyobyabwenge ni gake cyane, aho abantu bandura bagera kuri 1 kuri miriyoni 1 n’igipimo kinini cyo kwisuzumisha nabi.

(5) Imlygic

Isosiyete: Yakozwe na Amgen.

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Muri 2015, byemejwe ko byashyirwa ku rutonde muri Amerika no mu muryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi.

Ibyerekana: Kuvura ibikomere bya melanoma bidashobora gukurwaho burundu no kubagwa.

Ijambo: Imlygic ni virusi ya herpes simplex virusi yo mu bwoko bwa 1 yahinduwe n’ikoranabuhanga rishingiye ku ngirabuzima fatizo (gusiba ibice byayo bya ICP34.5 na ICP47, no kwinjiza ibintu bya granulocyte macrophage ya koloni itera abantu GM-CSF muri virusi) (HSV-1) virusi ya virusi ya virusi ya virusi.Uburyo bwo kuyobora ni inshinge zo mu nda, zishobora guterwa mu buryo butaziguye ibikomere bya melanoma kugira ngo bitume uturemangingo twa kanseri y'ibibyimba, turekura antigene ikomoka ku bibyimba na GM-CSF, kandi bigatera imbaraga zo kwirinda indwara.

(6) Luxturna

Isosiyete: Yatejwe imbere na Spark Therapeutics, ishami rya Roche.

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Byemejwe kwamamaza na FDA muri 2017, hanyuma byemezwa kwamamaza muburayi muri 2018.

Ibyerekana: Kubuvuzi bwabana nabakuze batakaje amaso kubera gukoporora inshuro ebyiri RPE65 ihindagurika ariko ikagumana umubare uhagije wingirabuzimafatizo zifatika.

Icyitonderwa: Luxturna nubuvuzi bwa AAV bushingiye ku gutera inshinge.Ubuvuzi bwa gene bukoresha AAV2 nk'ubwikorezi kugira ngo bwinjize kopi ikora ya gene isanzwe ya RPE65 mu ngirabuzimafatizo z'umurwayi, ku buryo ingirabuzimafatizo zijyanye na zo zigaragaza poroteyine isanzwe ya RPE65, bigatuma habaho poroteyine ya RPE65 y'umurwayi, bityo bigatuma umurwayi abona neza.

(7) Zolgensma

Isosiyete: Yatejwe imbere na AveXis, ishami rya Novartis.

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Byemejwe na FDA yo kwamamaza muri Gicurasi 2019.

Ibyerekana: Kuvura abarwayi ba Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) bari munsi yimyaka 2.

Ijambo: Zolgensma nubuvuzi bwa gene bushingiye kuri vector ya AAV.Uyu muti niyo gahunda yonyine yo kuvura inshuro imwe yo kuvura imitsi yumugongo yemewe yo kwamamaza ku isi.Itangizwa ryibiyobyabwenge rifungura ibihe bishya mukuvura imitsi yumugongo.urupapuro, ni intambwe yiterambere.Ubu buvuzi bwa gene bukoresha scAAV9 vector kugirango yinjize gene isanzwe ya SMN1 kumurwayi binyuze mumitsi yinjira mumaraso kugirango itange proteine ​​zisanzwe za SMN1, bityo bitezimbere imikorere yuturemangingo twanduye nka neuron moteri.Ibinyuranye, ibiyobyabwenge bya SMA Spinraza na Evrysdi bisaba kunywa igihe kirekire.Spinraza itangwa no gutera uruti rw'umugongo buri mezi ane, kandi Evrysdi ni imiti yo mu kanwa ya buri munsi.

(8) Kureka

Isosiyete: Yatejwe imbere na Daiichi Sankyo Company Limited (TYO: 4568).

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Icyemezo cya minisiteri yubuzima, umurimo n’imibereho myiza y’Ubuyapani (MHLW) muri Kamena 2021.

Ibyerekana: Kubuvuzi bwa glioma mbi.

Icyitonderwa: Delytact nigicuruzwa cya kane cya virusi ya oncolytike yemewe yo kuvura imiti yemewe ku isi yose, nigicuruzwa cya mbere cya virusi ya oncolytike cyemewe kuvura glioma mbi.Delytact ni virusi ya herpes simplex virusi yo mu bwoko bwa 1 (HSV-1) virusi ya oncolytike yakozwe na Dr. Todo na bagenzi be.Delytact yinjiza ihinduka ryimiterere ya genoside ya G207 yo mu gisekuru cya kabiri HSV-1, ikongerera uburyo bwo guhitamo ingirabuzimafatizo za kanseri ndetse no kwinjiza ibisubizo birinda indwara ya kanseri mu gihe ikomeza umutekano muke.Delytact niyambere yambere ya gatatu oncolytike HSV-1 ubu irimo kwisuzumisha.Iyemezwa rya Delytact mu Buyapani rishingiye ahanini kubigeragezo byintoki imwe icyiciro cya 2 cyamavuriro.Ku barwayi barwaye glioblastoma isubirwamo, Delytact yageze ku ndunduro y'ibanze yo kubaho k'umwaka umwe, kandi ibisubizo byagaragaje ko Delytact yerekanye imikorere myiza ugereranije na G207.Imbaraga zikomeye zo kwigana nibikorwa birwanya antitumor.Ibi byagize akamaro muburyo bukomeye bwibibyimba byamabere, prostate, schwannoma, nasofaryngeal, hepatocellular, colorectal, malignant peripheral nerv sheath tumers, na kanseri ya tiroyide.

(9) Upstaza

COMPANY: Yakozwe na PTC Therapeutics, Inc. (NASDAQ: PTCT).

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Byemejwe n’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’i Burayi byo kwamamaza muri Nyakanga 2022.

Ibyerekana: Kubura Aromatic L-amino acide decarboxylase (AADC), byemewe kuvura abarwayi bafite amezi 18 nayirenga.

Ijambo: Upstaza ™ (eladocagene exuparvovec) ni vivo ivura gene hamwe na virusi ya adeno ifitanye isano na 2 (AAV2) nkuwitwaye.Abarwayi bararwara kubera ihinduka ryimiterere ya gene irimo enzyme ya AADC.AAV2 itwara gene nzima irimo enzyme ya AADC.Ubwoko bw'indishyi za gene bugera ku ngaruka zo kuvura.Mubyigisho, ubuyobozi bumwe bugira ingaruka mugihe kirekire.Nubuvuzi bwa mbere bwashyizwe ku isoko bwinjizwa mu bwonko.Uruhushya rwo kwamamaza rurakoreshwa mu bihugu 27 bigize Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, ndetse na Islande, Noruveje na Liechtenstein.

(10) Roctavian

Isosiyete: Yakozwe na BioMarin Pharmaceutical (BioMarin).

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Yemerewe kwamamaza n’umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi muri Kanama 2022;Uruhushya rwo kwamamaza n’Ubwongereza Ubuvuzi n’ibicuruzwa byita ku buzima (MHRA) mu Gushyingo 2022.

Ibyerekana: Kubuvuzi bw'abarwayi bakuze bafite hemofilia ikabije A badafite amateka yo kubuza FVIII kandi ni bibi kuri antibodiyite za AAV5.

Ijambo: Roctavian (valoctocogene roxaparvovec) ikoresha AAV5 nka vector kandi ikoresha umwijima wihariye wumwijima wumuntu HLP kugirango igaragaze imvugo yibintu byabantu VIII (FVIII) hamwe na B yasibwe.Icyemezo cya komisiyo y’ibihugu by’i Burayi cyo kwemeza ibicuruzwa bya valoctocogene roxaparvovec bishingiye ku makuru rusange y’umushinga w’iterambere ry’imiti.Muri byo, ibyavuye mu kizamini cya gatatu cy’amavuriro GENER8-1 byagaragaje ko ugereranije n’amakuru y’umwaka mbere yo kwiyandikisha, nyuma yo kwinjiza inshuro imwe ya valoctocogene roxaparvovec, igipimo cy’amaraso buri mwaka (ABR) cyaragabanutse ku buryo bugaragara, inshuro zo gukoresha ibintu byongera umubiri wa VIII (F8) byaragabanutse cyane, cyangwa ibikorwa bya F8 byiyongera ku mubiri wa F8.Nyuma yibyumweru 4 bivura, igipimo cyumwaka F8 ikoreshwa hamwe na ABR bisaba kuvurwa byagabanutseho 99% na 84%, kandi itandukaniro ryari rifite imibare (p <0.001).Umwirondoro w’umutekano wari mwiza, kandi nta kintu na kimwe cyigeze kibuza F8 ibintu bibuza, indwara mbi cyangwa ingaruka za trombose, kandi nta kibazo kijyanye no kuvura (SAEs) cyigeze kivugwa.

(11) Hemgenix

Isosiyete: Yatejwe imbere na UniQure Corporation.

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Byemejwe na FDA yo kwamamaza mu Gushyingo 2022.

Ibyerekana: Kubuvuzi bw'abarwayi bakuze barwaye hémofilia B.

Ijambo: Hemgenix nubuvuzi bwa gene bushingiye kuri vector ya AAV5.Uyu muti ufite ibikoresho bya coagulation IX (FIX) gene variant FIX-Padua, itangwa mumitsi.Nyuma yubuyobozi, gene irashobora kwerekana FIX coagulation yibintu byumwijima no gusohora Nyuma yo kwinjira mumaraso kugirango ikore coagulation, kugirango ugere ku ntego yo kuvura, mubyukuri, ubuyobozi bumwe bugira ingaruka mugihe kirekire.

(12) Adstiladrin

Isosiyete: Yakozwe na Farring Pharmaceuticals.

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Byemejwe na FDA yo kwamamaza mukuboza 2022.

Ibyerekana: Kubuvuzi bwa kanseri ishobora kwanduza kanseri y'uruhago (NMIBC) ititabira Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG).

Icyitonderwa: Adstiladrin nubuvuzi bwa gene bushingiye kuri virusi ya adenoviral idashobora kwigana, ishobora gukabya poroteyine ya interferon alfa-2b mu ngirabuzimafatizo, kandi igatangwa binyuze mu nkari y’inkari mu ruhago (itangwa rimwe mu mezi atatu), virusi ya virusi irashobora kwanduza neza ingirabuzimafatizo z’urukuta rw’uruhago, hanyuma bikarenza urugero kuri poroteyine.Ubu buryo bushya bwo kuvura gene buhindura rero ingirabuzimafatizo z'umurwayi w’uruhago mu ruganda ruto ruto rutanga interferon, bityo bikongerera ubushobozi umurwayi kurwanya kanseri.

Umutekano n’ingirakamaro bya Adstiladrin byasuzumwe mu bushakashatsi bw’ubuvuzi butandukanye burimo abarwayi 157 bafite ibyago byinshi bya BCG-bititabira NMIBC.Abarwayi bakiriye Adstiladrin buri mezi atatu mugihe cyamezi 12, cyangwa kugeza uburozi butemewe bwo kuvurwa cyangwa kugaruka kwa NMIBC yo mu rwego rwo hejuru.Muri rusange, 51 ku ijana by'abarwayi banditswe bavuwe na Adstiladrin bageze ku gisubizo cyuzuye (kubura ibimenyetso byose bya kanseri bigaragara kuri cystoskopi, tissue biopsy, n'inkari).

3. Imiti mito ya nucleic aside

(1) Vitravene

Isosiyete: Yatejwe imbere na Ionis Pharma (ahahoze ari Isis Pharma) na Novartis.

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Muri 1998 na 1999, byemejwe ko byamamaza na FDA na EU EMA.

Ibyerekana: Kuvura cytomegalovirus retinitis ku barwayi banduye virusi itera SIDA.

Ijambo: Vitravene numuti wa antisense oligonucleotide, nicyo kiyobyabwenge cya mbere cya oligonucleotide cyemewe kwamamaza ku isi.Ku cyiciro cya mbere cyurutonde, icyifuzo cyisoko ryibiyobyabwenge birwanya CMV byari byihutirwa cyane;nyuma, kubera iterambere ry’imiti igabanya ubukana bwa virusi itera virusi, umubare w’abanduye CMV wagabanutse cyane.Kubera isoko ridahwitse, ibiyobyabwenge byatangijwe mu 2002 na 2006 Kuvana mu bihugu by’Uburayi no muri Amerika.

(2) Macugen

Isosiyete: Yafatanije na Pfizer na Eyetech.

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Yemejwe kurutonde muri Amerika muri 2004.

Ibyerekana: Kubuvuzi bwimitsi yimitsi ijyanye na macula degeneration.

Ijambo: Macugen numuti wahinduwe na oligonucleotide ya pegylated, ushobora kwibasira no guhuza imikurire yimitsi iva mumitsi (VEGF165 subtype), kandi uburyo bwo kuyobora ni inshinge za intravitreal.

(3) Defitelio

Isosiyete: Yateguwe na Jazz Pharmaceuticals.

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Byemejwe kwamamaza n’umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi muri 2013 kandi byemejwe na FDA yo kwamamaza muri Werurwe 2016.

Ibyerekana: Kubuvura indwara ya hepatike veno-occlusive ifitanye isano no kudakora neza kwimpyiko cyangwa ibihaha nyuma yo guterwa ingirabuzimafatizo ya hematopoietic.

Ijambo: Defitelio numuti wa oligonucleotide, ni uruvange rwa oligonucleotide hamwe na plasmin.Yakuwe ku isoko muri 2009 kubera impamvu z'ubucuruzi.

(4) Kynamro

Isosiyete: Yafatanije na Ionis Pharma na Kastle.

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Muri 2013, hemejwe kwamamaza muri Amerika nkumuti wimfubyi.

Ibyerekana: Kubuvuzi bujyanye na homosexous familial hypercholesterolemia.

Ijambo: Kynamro numuti wa antisense oligonucleotide, ni antisense oligonucleotide yibasira abantu apo B-100 mRNA.Kynamro itangwa nka 200 mg munsi yubutaka rimwe mu cyumweru.

(5) Spinraza

Isosiyete: Yakozwe na Pharmaceuticals ya Ionis.

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Byemejwe na FDA yo kwamamaza mukuboza 2016.

Ibyerekana: Kubuvuzi bwimitsi yumugongo (SMA).

Ijambo: Spinraza (nusinersen) numuti wa antisense oligonucleotide.Muguhuza urubuga rwa clavage ya SMN2 exon 7, Spinraza irashobora guhindura imiterere ya RNA ya gene ya SMN2, bityo ikongera umusaruro wa proteine ​​ikora neza.Muri Kanama 2016, BIOGEN yakoresheje uburyo bwayo bwo kubona uburenganzira ku isi kuri Spinraza.Spinraza yatangiye igeragezwa ryayo rya mbere mu bantu mu mwaka wa 2011. Mu myaka 5 gusa, yemejwe na FDA yo kwamamaza mu 2016, ibyo bikaba byerekana ko FDA yemeye neza imikorere yayo.Uyu muti wemejwe gucuruzwa mu Bushinwa muri Mata 2019. Inzira zose zemewe na Spinraza mu Bushinwa ntizari munsi y'amezi 6, kandi hari hashize imyaka 2 n'amezi 2 Spinraza yemerewe bwa mbere muri Amerika.Umuvuduko wo gutondeka mubushinwa umaze kwihuta cyane.Ibi kandi biterwa n’uko Ikigo gishinzwe gusuzuma ibiyobyabwenge cyasohoye “Itangazo ryo gutangaza urutonde rw’icyiciro cya mbere cy’ibiyobyabwenge byo mu mahanga bikenerwa byihutirwa mu bikorwa by’ubuvuzi” ​​ku ya 1 Ugushyingo 2018, kandi byashyizwe mu cyiciro cya mbere cy’imiti 40 y’amahanga y’amahanga kugira ngo isuzumwe byihuse, muri yo hakaba harimo Spinraza.

(6) Exondys 51

Isosiyete: Yakozwe na AVI BioPharma (nyuma yiswe Sarepta Therapeutics).

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Muri Nzeri 2016, cyemejwe kwamamaza na FDA.

Ibyerekana: Kubuvuzi bwa Duchenne muscular dystrofiya (DMD) hamwe na exon 51 gusimbuka ihinduka rya gene muri DMD.

Icyitonderwa: Exondys 51 numuti wa antisense oligonucleotide, antisense oligonucleotide irashobora guhuza umwanya wa exon 51 ya pre-mRNA ya gene ya DMD, bigatuma habaho mRNA ikuze, igice cya exon 51 kibujijwe Excision, bityo bikosora igice cyimyanya mikorere ya dystrofine.

(7) Tegsedi

Isosiyete: Yakozwe na Pharmaceuticals ya Ionis.

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Byemejwe kwamamaza n’umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi muri Nyakanga 2018.

Ibyerekana: Kubuvuzi bwa hereditori transthyretin amyloidose (HATTR).

Ijambo: Tegsedi numuti wa antisense oligonucleotide yibasira transthyretin mRNA.Nibiyobyabwenge byambere byemewe kwisi kuvura HATTR.Itangwa no gutera inshinge.Uyu muti ugabanya umusaruro wa poroteyine ya ATTR yibasira mRNA ya transthyretine (ATTR), kandi ufite igipimo cyiza cy’ingaruka ziterwa no kuvura ATTR, kandi indwara ya neuropathie y’umurwayi n’imibereho myiza yarateye imbere ku buryo bugaragara, kandi irahuza n’ubwoko bwa mutation ya TTR, Ntabwo ari icyiciro cy’indwara cyangwa kuba hari umutima utera indwara.

(8) Onpattro

Isosiyete: Yatejwe imbere na Alnylam Corporation na Sanofi Corporation.

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Yemejwe kurutonde muri Amerika muri 2018.

Ibyerekana: Kubuvuzi bwa hereditori transthyretin amyloidose (HATTR).

Ijambo: Onpattro ni imiti ya siRNA yibasira transthyretine mRNA, igabanya umusaruro wa poroteyine ya ATTR mu mwijima kandi ikagabanya kwirundanya kwa amyloide mu mitsi ya periferique yibasira mRNA ya transthyretine (ATTR), bityo igatera imbere kandi ikagabanya ibimenyetso by’indwara.

(9) Givlaari

Isosiyete: Yatejwe imbere na Alnylam Corporation.

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Byemejwe na FDA yo kwamamaza mu Gushyingo 2019.

Ibyerekana: Kubuvuzi bukabije bwa hepatike porphyria (AHP) kubantu bakuru.

Ijambo: Givlaari numuti wa siRNA, numuti wa kabiri wa siRNA wemejwe kwamamaza nyuma ya Onpattro.Inzira y'ubuyobozi ni inshinge zidasanzwe.Uyu muti wibasira mRNA ya poroteyine ya ALAS1, kandi kuvura buri kwezi hamwe na Givlaari birashobora kugabanya cyane kandi burundu urwego rwa ALAS1 mu mwijima, bityo bikagabanya urugero rwa neurotoxic ALA na PBG kurwego rusanzwe, bityo bikagabanya ibimenyetso byindwara yumurwayi.Amakuru yerekanaga ko abarwayi bavuwe na Givlaari bagabanutseho 74% umubare w’abafashwe ugereranije nitsinda rya placebo.

(10) Vyondys53

COMPANY: Yakozwe na Sarepta Therapeutics.

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Byemejwe na FDA yo kwamamaza mukuboza 2019.

Ibyerekana: Kubuvuzi bw'abarwayi ba DMD bafite dystrofine gene exon 53 itera mutation.

Ijambo: Vyondys 53 numuti wa antisense oligonucleotide, wibasira uburyo bwo gutera dystrofine pre-mRNA.Exon 53 yaciwe igice, ni ukuvuga ko itagaragara kuri mRNA ikuze, kandi yagenewe kubyara dystrofine yaciwe ariko iracyakora, bityo bikazamura ubushobozi bwimyitozo ku barwayi.

(11) Waylivra

Isosiyete: Yatejwe imbere na Pharmaceuticals ya Ionis hamwe n’ishami ryayo Akcea Therapeutics.

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Byemejwe kwamamaza n’ikigo cy’ubuvuzi cy’uburayi (EMA) muri Gicurasi 2019.

Ibyerekana: Nubuvuzi bujyanye no kugenzura imirire kubarwayi bakuze barwaye syndrome ya familial chylomicronemia (FCS).

Ijambo: Waylivra ni imiti igabanya ubukana bwa oligonucleotide, ikaba ariwo muti wa mbere wemejwe kwamamaza ku isi mu kuvura FCS.

(12) Leqvio

Isosiyete: Yakozwe na Novartis.

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Byemejwe n’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’i Burayi byo kwamamaza mu Kuboza 2020.

Ibyerekana: Kubuvuzi bwabantu bakuru bafite hypercholesterolemia yibanze (heterozygous familial and non familial) cyangwa dyslipidemiya ivanze.

Ijambo: Leqvio numuti wa siRNA wibasira PCSK9 mRNA.Nubuvuzi bwa mbere bwa siRNA kwisi kugabanya cholesterol (LDL-C).Itangwa no gutera inshinge.Umuti ugabanya urwego rwa poroteyine ya PCSK9 binyuze muri RNA, bityo bikagabanya urwego rwa LDL-C.Amakuru y’amavuriro yerekana ko ku barwayi badashobora kugabanya urwego rwa LDL-C kugeza ku ntego nyuma yo kuvurwa hamwe n’imiti myinshi yihanganira statin, Leqvio irashobora kugabanya LDL-C hafi 50%.

(13) Oxlumo

Isosiyete: Yakozwe na Pharmaceuticals ya Alnylam.

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Byemejwe n’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’i Burayi byo kwamamaza mu Gushyingo 2020.

Ibyerekana: Kubuvuzi bwa hyperoxaluria yibanze ubwoko bwa 1 (PH1).

Ijambo: Oxlumo numuti wa siRNA wibasira hydroxyacid oxydease 1 (HAO1) ​​mRNA, kandi uburyo bwo kuyobora ni inshinge zo munsi.Uyu muti wakozwe hifashishijwe chimiya ya Alnylam igezweho yongerewe imbaraga, ikorana buhanga rya ESC-GalNAc, ifasha siRNA mu buryo bwihuse hamwe no gukomera no gukomera.Ibiyobyabwenge bitesha agaciro cyangwa bikabuza hydroxyacid oxydease 1 (HAO1) ​​mRNA, bigabanya urugero rwa okiside ya glycolate mu mwijima, hanyuma ikarya insimburangingo isabwa kugira ngo ikore oxalate, igabanye umusaruro wa oxalate kugira ngo igenzure iterambere ry’indwara ku barwayi no kunoza ibimenyetso by’indwara.

(14) Viltepso

Isosiyete: Yatejwe imbere na NS Pharma, ishami rya Nippon Shinyaku.

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Byemejwe na FDA yo kwamamaza muri Kanama 2020.

Ibyerekana: Kubuvuzi bwa Duchenne muscular dystrofiya (DMD) hamwe na exon 53 gusimbuka gene ihindagurika muri gen DMD.

Icyitonderwa: Viltepso ni imiti igabanya ubukana bwa oligonucleotide ishobora guhuza umwanya wa exon 53 ya pre-mRNA ya gene DMD, bigatuma igice cya exon 53 gicukurwa nyuma yo gushiraho mRNA ikuze, bityo igakosora igice cyo gusoma cya mRNA Agasanduku gafasha abarwayi guhuza uburyo bumwe na bumwe bwa dystrofine bugufi kuruta proteine ​​zisanzwe, bityo bikazamura ibimenyetso bya abarwayi.

(15) Amondys 45

Isosiyete: Yateguwe na Sarepta Therapeutics.

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Byemejwe na FDA yo kwamamaza muri Gashyantare 2021.

Ibyerekana: Kubuvuzi bwa Duchenne muscular dystrofiya (DMD) hamwe na exon 45 gusimbuka gene ihindagurika muri gen DMD.

Ijambo: Amondys 45 ni imiti igabanya ubukana bwa oligonucleotide, antisense oligonucleotide irashobora guhuza umwanya wa exon 45 ya pre-mRNA ya gene ya DMD, bigatuma igice cya exon 45 gihagarikwa nyuma yo gushiraho mRNA Excision ikuze, bityo igakosora igice kimwe cyerekana imikorere ya dystrofine.

(16) Amvuttra (vutrisiran)

Isosiyete: Yakozwe na Pharmaceuticals ya Alnylam.

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Byemejwe na FDA yo kwamamaza muri kamena 2022.

Ibyerekana: Kubuvuzi bwa hereditori transthyretin amyloidose hamwe na polyneuropathie (HATTR-PN) mubantu bakuru.

Ijambo: Amvuttra (Vutrisiran) numuti wa siRNA wibasira transthyretine (ATTR) mRNA, itangwa no gutera inshinge.Vutrisiran ishingiye kuri Alnylam's Enhanced Stability Chemistry (ESC) -GalNAc conjugate itanga uburyo bwo gutanga imbaraga hamwe no kongera imbaraga no guhindagurika.Kwemeza ubwo buvuzi bishingiye ku makuru y’amezi 9 y’ubushakashatsi bw’ubuvuzi bwa Phase III (HELIOS-A), kandi ibisubizo rusange byerekana ko ubuvuzi bwateje imbere ibimenyetso bya HATTR-PN, kandi abarenga 50% by’uburwayi bwahinduwe cyangwa bahagarikwa gukomera.

4. Indi miti ivura gene

(1) Rexin-G

Isosiyete: Yakozwe na Epeius Biotech.

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Mu 2005, cyemewe kwamamaza n’ubuyobozi bushinzwe ibiryo n’ibiyobyabwenge bya Philippine (BFAD).

Ibyerekana: Kubuvuzi bwa kanseri yateye imbere irwanya chimiotherapie.

Ijambo: Rexin-G ni inshinge ya gene yuzuye inshinge.Yinjiza gene ya cyclin G1 muri selile igenewe binyuze muri virusi itera virusi kugirango yice cyane ibibyimba bikomeye.Uburyo bwo kuyobora ni infusion.Nkumuti wibasiwe nibibyimba ushakisha cyane kandi ukangiza ingirabuzimafatizo za kanseri metastatike, bigira ingaruka zikomeye kubarwayi bananiwe indi miti ya kanseri, harimo na biologiya yibasiwe.

(2) Neovasculgen

Isosiyete: Yatejwe imbere na stem stem selile.

Igihe cyo gutondeka: Byemejwe gutondekanya mu Burusiya ku ya 7 Ukuboza 2011, hanyuma bitangizwa muri Ukraine muri 2013.

Ibyerekana: Kubuvuzi bwindwara ya arterial periferique, harimo ischemia ikomeye.

Ijambo: Neovasculgen nubuvuzi bwa gene bushingiye kuri plasima ya ADN.Imikurire yimitsi iva mumitsi (VEGF) 165 gene yubatswe kumugongo wa plasmid hanyuma ikinjizwa mubarwayi.

(3) Collategene

Isosiyete: Yatejwe imbere na kaminuza ya Osaka hamwe n’amasosiyete shoramari.

Igihe cyo kwisoko: Byemejwe na minisiteri yubuzima, umurimo n’imibereho y’Ubuyapani muri Kanama 2019.

Ibyerekana: Kuvura ischemia yo hepfo.

Ijambo: Collategene nubuvuzi bushingiye kuri plasmide, imiti ya mbere yo kuvura imiti yo mu rugo yakozwe na AnGes, isosiyete ikora imiti mu Buyapani.Ibyingenzi bigize uyu muti ni plasmid yambaye ubusa irimo ibintu bikura bya hepatocyte yumuntu (HGF) bikurikirana.Niba imiti yatewe mumitsi yingingo zo hepfo, HGF yerekanwe izateza imbere imitsi mishya y'amaraso ikikije imiyoboro y'amaraso ifunze.Igeragezwa rya Clinical ryemeje ingaruka zaryo mugutezimbere ibisebe.

Nigute Foregene ishobora gufasha kuvura gene?

Dufasha kuzigama igihe cyo kwipimisha mugipimo kinini cyo gusuzuma, mugihe cyambere cyo guteza imbere ibiyobyabwenge bya siRNA.

Ibisobanuro birambuye sura:

https://www.foreivd.com/cell-yobora-rt-qpcr-kit-yobora-rt-qpcr-series/